A woman is diagnosed with oligohydramnios during her pregnancy. What should be evaluated in the fetus/newborn?

Oligohydramnios, defined as a low level of amniotic fluid, can have significant implications for fetal development and health. Among the potential complications related to oligohydramnios, polycystic kidney disease is particularly relevant. This condition is characterized by the formation of numerous cysts in the kidneys, which can lead to reduced renal function and subsequently lower urine output. Since fetal urine is a major component of amniotic fluid, reduced renal function due to polycystic kidney disease can contribute to oligohydramnios.

In this context, evaluating for polycystic kidney disease helps identify any underlying renal abnormalities that could affect the fetus during pregnancy and potentially lead to complications after birth. Other conditions listed may have associations with other aspects of fetal or newborn health but do not have a direct and significant relationship with oligohydramnios as polycystic kidney disease does. Therefore, monitoring for polycystic kidney disease is crucial in a case of oligohydramnios to ensure appropriate management and care for the fetus/newborn.