The specific tests mandated in newborn screening for inborn errors of metabolism are determined by which authority?

The correct answer highlights that the specific tests required for newborn screening in relation to inborn errors of metabolism are determined by individual state law. This is because newborn screening programs vary by state in the United States, where each state has the authority to establish its own panel of tests based on local public health needs, resources, and legislation. State laws can define which metabolic disorders must be screened, which can lead to variations in what is tested from one state to another.

While national guidelines and recommendations from organizations like the CDC exist and provide a framework for best practices, it is ultimately state law that dictates the specific requirements for newborn screening tests. This system ensures that local health department needs and population health priorities are considered in establishing screening protocols.

Hospital policies may guide procedures and implementation but do not determine the mandated tests themselves, and while national guidelines provide valuable recommendations, they do not have the authority to enact state laws, which is what governs the screening requirements.